Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula . It consists of six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal ring, with alternating double bonds, and each carbon atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom. Benzene is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet odor and is a fundamental building block in organic chemistry. It is classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon due to its unique ring structure and stability, which makes it essential in the production of various chemicals and industrial processes. However, benzene is toxic and carcinogenic, so its use and handling are highly regulated.

Applications:

Used to produce styrene, which is further polymerized into polystyrene for plastics and synthetic rubber.
A precursor for phenol and acetone production, which are used in plastics, resins, and other chemicals.
Utilized in the production of nylon and other synthetic fibers.
Benzene derivatives are essential in making nylon, polyester, and other fibers.
Benzene is a key ingredient in producing synthetic rubber materials, which are widely used in tires, seals, and other rubber products.
Benzene derivatives are used in synthesizing various drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It serves as a starting material or intermediate for medications, including certain analgesics, antihistamines, and antiseptics.